Ask X3What does 49 CFR 178.705 (Standards for metal IBCs) require?
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Based on 49 CFR 178.705, the standards and requirements for metal intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) include the following:
* Designations by Intended Use: Metal IBCs are categorized based on what they contain and how they are loaded or discharged:
* Solids loaded/discharged by gravity: Types 11A, 11B, and 11N.
* Solids loaded/discharged at a gauge pressure greater than 10 kPa (1.45 psig): Types 21A, 21B, and 21N.
* Liquids: Types 31A, 31B, and 31N.
* Capacity Limits: Metal IBCs must have a volumetric capacity between 450 L (119 gallons) and 3,000 L (793 gallons).
* Construction Requirements:
* Body: Must be made of ductile metal materials with welds that maintain design type integrity under normal transportation conditions. Dissimilar metals must not cause deterioration that affects the body's integrity.
* Aluminum IBCs for Flammable Liquids: Must not have movable parts (such as covers and closures) made of unprotected steel liable to rust, which could cause dangerous reactions from friction or percussive contact with the aluminum.
* Elongation and Tensile Strength: Metals used to fabricate the body must meet specific percentage elongation at fracture formulas based on whether the material is steel or aluminum.
* Minimum Wall Thickness: For metal IBCs with a capacity greater than 1,500 liters, minimum wall thicknesses must be calculated using specific formulas based on reference steel or equivalence formulas for other metals.
* Pressure Relief (for IBCs intended for liquids):
* Must be able to release enough vapor during a fire engulfment to prevent body rupture from pressure buildup (using spring-loaded devices, non-reclosing devices, or other construction means fitted in the vapor space).
* The start-to-discharge pressure must not be higher than 65 kPa (9 psig) and no lower than the hazardous material's vapor pressure plus the partial pressure of air/inert gases measured at 55 °C (131 °F).