Ask X3What does 49 CFR 173.24b (Additional general requirements for bulk packagings) require?
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Based on 49 CFR 173.24b, the additional general requirements for bulk packagings include the following:
* Outage and Filling Limits: When loading liquids and liquefied gases into a cargo tank, portable tank, tank car, multi-unit tank car tank, or any compartment, you must leave a minimum vacant space (outage) at specific reference temperatures:
* At least 5 percent outage for materials poisonous by inhalation.
* At least 1 percent outage for all other materials.
* *Reference temperatures:* 46 °C (115 °F) for noninsulated tanks; 43 °C (110 °F) for tank cars with a thermal protection system and metal jacket (meeting specific conductance limits); and 41 °C (105 °F) for insulated tanks.
* You cannot load hazardous materials into the dome of a tank car; if the dome does not provide enough outage, you must leave vacant space in the shell.
* Equivalent Steel Calculations: If your regulations permit using steel other than a specified reference stainless steel (which has a guaranteed minimum tensile strength of 51.7 deka newtons/mm² or 75,000 psi and 40% elongation), you must calculate the minimum required thickness using the specific metric or non-metric formulas provided in the regulation, factoring in the replacement steel's specified minimum tensile strength and percentage elongation.
* Loading/Unloading Pressures: You cannot use air pressure exceeding ambient atmospheric pressure to load or unload any lading if it creates an air-enriched mixture within the flammability range of the lading in the tank's vapor space.
* Temperature and Weight Limits: You cannot load a bulk packaging with a hazardous material that:
* Is at a temperature outside of the packaging's design temperature range.
* Exceeds the maximum weight of lading marked on the specification plate (unless otherwise provided).
* Stacking of IBCs and Large Packagings:
* If an IBC or Large Packaging was *not* designed and tested to be stacked, you cannot stack any packages or freight upon it.
* If it *was* designed and tested to be stacked, the superimposed weight placed upon it cannot exceed the maximum permissible stacking test mass marked on the packaging.
* UN Portable Tanks:
* UN portable tanks manufactured in the U.S. must conform in all details to parts 172, 173, 178, and 180.
* UN portable tanks manufactured outside the U.S. may be filled, offered, and transported if authorized by the § 172.101 Table, conforming to applicable T codes, tank provision codes, special provisions, UN Recommendations, and this subpart. They must also be capable of passing part 180 tests, be designed/manufactured according to the ASME Code (or an approved pressure vessel design code / alternative arrangement with Associate Administrator approval), and the country of manufacture must provide reciprocal treatment for U.S.-manufactured UN portable tanks.