Ask X3What does 49 CFR 173.188 (White or yellow phosphorus) require?
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According to 49 CFR 173.188, white or yellow phosphorus transported by rail, highway, or water must be packaged either in water or dry in packagings that conform to Part 178 at the Packing Group I performance level.
Here are the specific packaging requirements for your fleet:
When packed in water:
* Metal or Wooden Boxes: Use steel, aluminum, or other metal boxes (4A, 4B, or 4N) or wooden boxes (4C1, 4C2, 4D, or 4F). These must contain either:
* Inner hermetically sealed (soldered) metal cans enclosed inside other hermetically sealed (soldered) metal cans; or
* Inner water-tight metal cans with screw-top closures containing no more than 0.5 kg (1 pound) of phosphorus each.
* Metal Drums (General): Use non-removable head metal drums (1A1, 1B1, or 1N1) with a capacity up to 250 L (66 gallons), or removable head metal drums (1A2, 1B2, or 1N2) with a capacity up to 115 L (30 gallons).
* Specific 30-Gallon UN1A2 Steel Drum Option: You may use a 115 L (30 gallon) UN1A2 steel drum certified to PG I for solids and PG I or PG II for liquids (dual marked as UN1A2/X400/S and UN1A2 X(or Y)/1.4/150), provided you meet these strict conditions:
* Keep enough water in each drum to completely cover the phosphorus at all times during transport, regardless of the drum's orientation.
* Hold and observe the drums for at least 24 hours before transport, replacing any leaking or unsuitable drums.
* Never reuse these packages; they must be destroyed after use.
* Keep the combined net mass of the material and water within the limit calculated by multiplying the packaging's volume in liters by the specific gravity on the package certification.
* Transport the shipment using a private or contract motor carrier only.
* The route must be directly from the offeror's location to the facility where the consignee will unload it.
When shipped dry:
* The phosphorus must be cast solid and shipped in steel, aluminum, or other metal drums (1A2, 1B2, or 1N2) with a capacity of no more than 115 L (30 gallons); or
* Shipped in projectiles or bombs (without bursting elements) by, for, or to the U.S. Departments of the Army, Navy, or Air Force.